济南PIA VPNapp表面缺陷有哪些？

现在济南PIA VPNapp在城市建设中起着至关重要的作用，而由于经常放置在室外，所以难免会有一些损伤。Ji'nan stainless steel sculpture is now playing a vital role in urban construction, and often placed in the outdoor, it will inevitably have some damage.    

1.焊接引弧斑痕：焊工在金属表面引弧时，会造成表面粗糙缺陷。济南PIA VPNapp保护膜受损，留下潜在的腐蚀源。焊工应在已经焊好的焊道上或在焊缝接头的侧边引弧。然后将引弧痕迹熔入焊缝中。 Welding arc spot welder: on the surface of the metal arc, will cause surface defects. Ji'nan stainless steel sculpture protective film damage, leaving a potential source of corrosion. The welder shall draw the arc on the weld or on the side of the weld joint. Then the arc trace is melted into the weld.   

2.锈斑：制作前或制作过程中有时会看到不锈钢产品或设备上生锈，这说明表面受到严重污染。设备投入使用前必须把锈清除掉，彻底清理过的表面应通过铁试验和/或水试验进行检验。 Rust: pre production or production process sometimes see rust stainless steel products or equipment, the surface is seriously polluted. The rust must be removed before the equipment is put into use. The thoroughly cleaned surfaces shall be inspected by iron and / or water tests.   

3.焊接缺陷：焊接缺陷如：咬边、未焊透、密集气孔和裂纹不仅降低接头的牢固性，而且还会成为缝隙腐蚀的腐蚀源。改善这种结果进行清理操作时，它们还会夹带固体颗粒。济南PIA VPNapp这些缺陷可通过重新焊接或修磨后重焊进行修补。  Welding defects such as undercut, lack of penetration, dense pores and cracks can not only reduce the bonding strength, but also become the source of crevice corrosion. When the results are improved, they also carry solid particles. Ji'nan stainless steel sculpture these defects can be repaired by re welding or grinding. 

4.划痕：为了防止工艺润滑剂或生成物和/或污物积留，必须对划痕和其它粗糙表面进行机械清理（如干喷砂，磨料用玻璃珠)。Scratch: in order to prevent the production of lubricant and / or dirt and / or dirt from the process, it is necessary to perform mechanical cleaning of scratches and other rough surfaces (such as dry blasting, abrasive glass beads).
   
5.油和油脂：有机物质如：油，油脂甚至指印都会成为局部腐蚀的腐蚀源。由于这些物质能起屏障作用，它们会影响化学和电化学清理效果，因而必须彻底清理掉。Oil and grease: organic substances such as oil, grease and even fingerprints will become the source of local corrosion corrosion. Because these substances can act as a barrier, they can affect the chemical and electrochemical cleaning effects, so they must be completely cleaned up.    

6.油漆、粉笔和标记笔印：这些污染物的影响与油和油脂的影响相似。建议用干净的刷子和干净的水或碱性清洗剂进行洗涤，也可以使用高压水或蒸汽冲洗。 Paint, chalk and marker pen: the effects of these contaminants are similar to those of oil and grease. It is recommended to use a clean brush and clean water or alkaline cleaning agent for washing, can also use high-pressure water or steam washing. 

7.焊剂：利用焊剂进行焊接的工艺有手工焊，带焊剂芯电弧焊和埋弧焊，这些焊接工艺都会在表面留下细小的焊剂颗粒，普通的清理方法无法将它们清除掉。这此济南PIA VPNapp颗粒将是缝隙腐蚀的腐蚀源，必须采用机械清理方法去除这些残留焊剂。Flux: welding process with manual welding with flux, with flux cored arc welding and submerged arc welding, the welding flux will leave tiny particles on the surface, the ordinary cleaning method cannot be rid of. The stainless steel sculpture particles in Ji'nan will be the source of crevice corrosion, which must be removed by mechanical cleaning.    

8.热回火色和其它氧化层：热回火色是由于在高温或长时间在较高度下停留所致。当出现任何一种这类氧化层时，金属表面的铬含量都会降低，造成这些区域的耐腐蚀性降低。在这种情况下，不仅要消除热回火色和其它氧化层，还应对它们下面的贫铬金属层进行清理。Back fire heat and other oxidation layer: back fire heat is due to the high temperature or long time at a height of stay by. When any of these oxides are present, the chromium content of the surface of the metal will be reduced, resulting in the reduction of corrosion resistance of these areas. In this case, not only to eliminate the back fire heat and other metal oxide layer, the chromium depleted layer also deal with them the following cleaning.    

9.粉尘：制作经常是在有粉尘的场地进行，空气中常带有许多粉尘，它们不断地落在设备表面。它们可以用水或碱性溶液去除掉。不过，有附着力的尘垢需要高压水或蒸气进行清理。 Dust: the production is often in the dust of the site, often with a lot of dust in the air, they continue to fall on the surface of the equipment. They can be removed by water or alkaline solution. However, the dust adhesion need high pressure water or steam cleaning.   

10.残余粘合剂：撕掉胶带和保护纸时，粘合剂总有一部分残留在不锈钢表面。如果粘全剂还没硬，可以用有机熔剂去除。但是，当济南PIA VPNapp曝露在光或空气中时，粘全剂变硬，形成缝隙腐蚀的腐蚀源。Residual adhesive: when the tape is removed and the paper is protected, some of the adhesive remains on the surface of the stainless steel. If the adhesive agent is not hard, can be removed with organic flux. However, when the Ji'nan stainless steel sculpture is exposed to light or air, the adhesive hardens and forms a crevice corrosion source.